Prepping for an Oregon Tilth Organic Certification Inspection.
Why be organic?
When I went to the Oregon Tilth winter conference in January, one of the speakers said, “What you do in the field is organic, what you do with your recordkeeping makes you certified.” The truth in that statement means that I, a certified organic farmer, must have lots of documentation at the ready to prove that I have been treating the fields and surrounding areas organically.
This data and information ensures that farmers follow all the rules of organic certification. Rules are in place to make sure that you, the consumer of the food we grow, feel safe and confident about what you are eating. Organic food must be grown on land that has been treated organically for 5 years, must contain no pesticides, have had no recent contact with animal manures, and must be grown from non-genetically modified seeds that are not treated with any chemicals. While it sounds pretty simple, the reality is that the annual certification inspection is a cumbersome and anxiety ridden process for me.
For example, we have to show receipts, labels and uses for every product that arrives for the farm. That means when I purchase a fertilizer, I have to show that the ingredients are organic according to the National Organic Program or approved by the Organic Materials Review Institute. I need to have the receipt available. I need to make a copy of the label or, thankfully, print one from the web. I need to show every time I applied it and where I put it. If the fertilizer or soil additive has any manure in it, I have to prove that I haven’t harvested for 120 days after adding the manure.
Keeping this paper trail organized is difficult, as well as making sure that any purchase of materials is in compliance. I have to take my list of fertilizers with me to the greenhouse and barn to make sure that all of them made my list and that I have a receipt to backup the purchase. Already, I’m digging around for the old Home Depot receipt from when I purchased some Alaska fish fertilizer in the pellet form and it didn’t make the list.
My experience shows that MOST of that garden additives at Home Depot do not comply with organic rules. Even if the label says “organic,” I have to prove that it is organic. In fact, I got into a bit of a pickle one year when I purchased “organic potting soil” by Scott’s, which has chicken manure in it. When I got home and read the label more carefully, I had to be sure to keep the soil away from my vegetable garden and I used it to plant a simple house plant, so I could avoid the 120 day count. Not to mention that there is a website that sells plants that has “organic” in its name and the nursery is not certified in any way. Saying you are organic without the certification is a slippery slope.
An organic farmer cannot apply typical pesticides to her plants. Most farmers apply pesticides, fertilizers, and soil additives at the beginning of the season, and perhaps spray at anticipated vulnerable moments during growth. The organic farmer has to watch her plants carefully so that she can spray with insecticidal soap at a sign of attack or find a predator bug to eat the pest bugs. Insecticidal soap only works at the moment it is sprayed and predators have to have the bugs present to eat them. In general, I can’t eliminate pests before they get here, like many typical farmers do. Of course, that doesn’t create wasted effort or waste pesticides in the water runoff stream either.
Prevention is, therefore, pretty key in dealing with pests or diseases. The main way to prevent pests is to perform crop rotation and maintain healthy soils. I must keep 5 years of historical records on crop rotation to ensure that I’m not re-planting vulnerable species in the same spot year after year. Crop rotation plans also ensure that “heavy feeders” such as cabbage and lettuce are not planted in the same spot in succession. Heavy feeders are plants that chew up a lot of nitrogen and other minerals from the soil as they grow. The idea behind crop rotation is to plant nitrogen fixing plants (that help the soil release nitrogen for the next plant) such as legumes after planting heavy feeders. Therefore, my lettuce patch will host broccoli (a light feeder and slightly nitrogen fixing) this winter, followed by peas next spring.
What is the point of all this effort on behalf of a few rules and regulations? In Oregon alone, our major rivers are heavily contaminated with pesticides from nursery and farm runoff. That means that we are sending nasty neurological affecting chemicals into fish, river plants and bugs that are beneficial, and when we swim in them, our own bodies. Organic farmers put a complete halt to pesticide invasion of our bodies.
In fact, a recent study of schoool children found pesticides in their blood when eating a “normal” diet of non-organic foods. When their blood was tested after only 1 week of solely organic foods, guess what? The pesticides were gone from their bloodstreams. Why would we even think about allowing our children to eat non-organic foods when pesticides are proven to be extremely harmful to them and us?
It’s for my own children and my own family’s health that I am certified as an organic farmer. As a citizen who does not pour pesticides into my portion of the water stream, I believe I’m helping the children downstream from this farm. And because I’m certified, you can rest assured that someone is paying careful attention to ensure that I continue to be a good farmer citizen on your behalf.








